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Descriptive statistics and Inferential statistics- two major categories of statistics:

 

Statistics is broadly classified into two categories, they are,

i)            Descriptive statistics

Descriptive statistics are used to describe the known data. Mainly two tools are used to describe the data.

a)   Measures of central tendency: The central position of the data is described using measures like mean, median and mode.

b)  Measures of dispersion: Measures like range, standard deviation, quartiles and variance are used to describe how far the data is distributed from the central point.

ii)          Inferential statistics

Inferential statistics


Inferential statistics analyzes the sample data and makes inferences about the population data. It is difficult to make conclusions when the population data is very large, a sample data is taken to represent the population data.

Methodologies like hypothesis testing are used in inferential statistics. Z test, f test, t test is used to make inferences


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